在我國(guó)，沼氣發(fā)電技術(shù)已趨于成熟。科學(xué)合理地開(kāi)發(fā)利用沼氣，不僅能創(chuàng)造可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，還能保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境，促進(jìn)可再生能源的開(kāi)發(fā)利用。下面來(lái)講講沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組排出的冷卻水和廢氣中的熱量回收問(wèn)題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容吧。

In China, biogas power generation technology has become mature. Scientific and rational development and utilization of biogas can not only create considerable economic benefits, but also protect the ecological environment and promote the development and utilization of renewable energy. Let's talk about the heat recovery in the cooling water and exhaust gas discharged from the biogas generator set.

沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組排出的冷卻水和廢氣中的熱量通過(guò)熱回收裝置進(jìn)行回收后，沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組作為沼氣發(fā)生器的加溫?zé)嵩?。從廢水處理廠出來(lái)的污泥進(jìn)入一次消化槽和二次消化槽，在消化槽中產(chǎn)生的沼氣首先經(jīng)脫硫器進(jìn)入球形貯氣罐，然后由此輸送入沼氣發(fā)電裝置中。

After the heat in the cooling water and exhaust gas discharged by the biogas generator is recovered by the heat recovery device, the biogas generator is used as the heating source of the biogas generator. The sludge from the wastewater treatment plant enters the primary digestion tank and the secondary digestion tank. The biogas generated in the digestion tank first enters the spherical gas storage tank through the desulfurizer, and then is transmitted to the biogas power generation device.

作為發(fā)電機(jī)組燃料的沼氣中甲烷的含量必須高于50%，不必要進(jìn)行二氧化碳的脫除，因?yàn)樯倭慷趸紝?duì)發(fā)電機(jī)組有利，使其工作平穩(wěn)，減少?gòu)U氣中有毒物的含量。從發(fā)電裝置出來(lái)的廢沼氣進(jìn)入熱交換器中，大型沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組，將熱量釋放出來(lái)，用來(lái)加熱進(jìn)行厭氧發(fā)酵的污泥，沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組，從而提高沼氣的發(fā)生率。

The methane content in the biogas used as the fuel of the generator set must be higher than 50%. It is unnecessary to remove carbon dioxide, because a small amount of carbon dioxide is beneficial to the generator set, making it work smoothly and reducing the content of toxic substances in the exhaust gas. The waste biogas from the power generation unit enters the heat exchanger, and the large biogas generator set releases the heat to heat the sludge for anaerobic fermentation, so as to improve the occurrence rate of biogas.

此外沼氣發(fā)電系統(tǒng)能積極、有效地利用沼氣，可以將沼氣中約30%的能量變?yōu)殡娏Γ?0%的能量變?yōu)闊崮?。沼氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在完全滿(mǎn)足人們對(duì)環(huán)保嚴(yán)格要求的同時(shí)，利用四沖程、高壓點(diǎn)火、渦輪增壓、中冷器、稀釋燃燒等技術(shù)，通過(guò)沼氣在汽缸內(nèi)燃燒做功，將沼氣的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械能。

In addition, the biogas power generation system can actively and effectively use biogas, which can turn about 30% of the energy in biogas into electricity and 40% into heat energy. While fully meeting people's strict requirements for environmental protection, the biogas engine uses four stroke, high-pressure ignition, turbocharging, intercooler, dilution combustion and other technologies to convert the chemical energy of biogas into mechanical energy by burning the biogas in the cylinder.

于此同時(shí)，利用熱回收技術(shù)可將燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)中潤(rùn)滑油、中冷器、缸套水和尾氣排放中的熱量充分回收利用而組成熱動(dòng)機(jī)組。一般從發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熱回收系統(tǒng)中吸收的熱量以90℃的熱水形式供給熱交換使用。

At the same time, the heat recovery technology can be used to fully recover the heat in the lubricating oil, intercooler, cylinder liner water and exhaust emissions of gas-fired internal combustion engines to form a thermal power unit. Generally, the heat absorbed from the engine heat recovery system is supplied to the heat exchange center in the form of 90 ℃ hot water.

內(nèi)燃機(jī)正?；厮疁囟葹?0℃。在污水處理廠中可利用這一熱量給消化池進(jìn)行加熱。燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)機(jī)械效率通常達(dá)40%，熱效率可達(dá)50%，總效率高達(dá)90%。通常在O2為5%的情況下燃燒后排放的NOx≤0毫克/米3，完全滿(mǎn)足環(huán)保的要求。因此，沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組余熱利用大有使用價(jià)值。

The normal return water temperature of internal combustion engine is 70 ℃. This heat can be used to heat the digestion tank in the sewage treatment plant. The mechanical efficiency of gas-fired internal combustion engine is usually 40%, the thermal efficiency is 50%, and the total efficiency is as high as 90%. Generally, when O2 is 5%, NOx emitted after combustion is ≤ 0 mg / m3, which fully meets the requirements of environmental protection. Therefore, the waste heat utilization of biogas generating units is of great value.

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