At present, the global resources are increasingly scarce, and the rational development and utilization of coal mine gas is of great significance. First of all, for China, the conventional energy oil is not high, but with the increasing demand of social development, at present, China relies on import more energy. In this situation, it is necessary to develop and utilize new energy such as gas. Secondly, better economic benefit is also an important aspect of mining coal mine gas. The price of oil and natural gas in the energy market is getting higher and higher, and the project cost of coal mine gas development is relatively low. Its construction can be carried out with coal mining project, which can greatly save the mining cost of coal mine gas and improve economic benefits.

世界上早開采瓦斯發(fā)電的是美、英、澳大利亞等國，上世界80年代他們主要采用煤礦瓦斯燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)進(jìn)行發(fā)電，早期我國利用煤礦瓦斯進(jìn)行發(fā)電主要采用高濃度瓦斯，由于缺乏瓦斯深度變化的自適應(yīng)技術(shù)及瓦斯氣源增壓技術(shù)，導(dǎo)致這種技術(shù)無法進(jìn)行大面積推廣。

In the world, the United States, Britain, Australia and other countries used coal mine gas turbine to generate electricity in the early 1980s. In China, high concentration gas was mainly used in coal mine gas power generation in the early stage. Due to the lack of adaptive technology of gas depth change and gas source pressurization technology, this technology can not be widely promoted.

當(dāng)前煤礦瓦斯發(fā)電主要采用燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)與燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)兩種，前者使用高濃度的瓦斯且要對瓦斯增壓大于1Mpa,而燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)對瓦斯?jié)舛纫蟊容^寬泛，只要在瓦斯爆炸區(qū)值內(nèi)的濃度都是可以使用的，對于這兩種發(fā)電設(shè)備，其技術(shù)難點(diǎn)也有所不同。就燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)來說，技術(shù)難點(diǎn)是用儲氣室對瓦斯進(jìn)行緩沖與供應(yīng)，以保證機(jī)組接收的是壓力值與濃度值都趨于穩(wěn)定的氣體，來保證煤礦瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組正常穩(wěn)定的工作，這就需要對發(fā)動機(jī)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的閉環(huán)控制，以防止瓦斯?jié)舛瘸霈F(xiàn)變化時，對發(fā)電機(jī)的功率造成影響，以及對發(fā)動機(jī)產(chǎn)生的爆震對活塞、連桿等的破壞。

At present, gas turbine and gas-fired internal combustion engine are mainly used in coal mine gas power generation. The former uses high concentration gas and needs to pressurize the gas more than 1MPa, while the gas internal combustion engine has wide requirements on gas concentration. As long as the concentration within the gas explosion area value can be used, the technical difficulties of the two power generation equipment are also different. As for gas-fired internal combustion engine, the technical difficulty is to buffer and supply gas with gas storage chamber, so as to ensure that the unit receives the gas with stable pressure and concentration value, so as to ensure the normal and stable operation of coal mine gas generator set. Therefore, strict closed-loop control of the engine is required to prevent the influence on the power of generator when the gas concentration changes, As well as the damage to the piston and connecting rod caused by the knock on the engine.

當(dāng)前煤礦瓦斯發(fā)電所采用的技術(shù)概括起來主要有：瓦斯混合技術(shù)、自動控制技術(shù)和阻燃技術(shù)等。瓦斯氣體的混合有不同的方式，如等真空度膜片混合、文丘里電控混合器混合以及雙蝶門混合器電控混合等，對低壓氣體的混合可以彩用先增壓再混合的方式，一般從礦井抽出來的瓦斯較適宜與空氣在增加前進(jìn)行預(yù)混合，混合前不用加壓可以較好的提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。在自動控制方面，通過采用全電子管理系統(tǒng)（TEM）能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對信息的收集、顯示、通訊存儲與控制。瓦斯管道阻火關(guān)系到設(shè)備的安全運(yùn)行，將阻火管道設(shè)計成金屬波紋帶形結(jié)構(gòu)，在火焰穿過金屬濾板的狹窄通道的時候使火焰熱量的釋放與散失不一致將火熄滅，從而達(dá)到阻火的效果。

At present, the technologies used in coal mine gas power generation mainly include: gas mixing technology, automatic control technology and flame retardant technology. There are different ways of gas mixing, such as equal vacuum diaphragm mixing, venturi electric control mixer mixing and double butterfly gate mixer electric control mixing, etc. for the low pressure gas mixing, the way of first pressurization and then mixing can be adopted. Generally, the gas extracted from the mine is suitable for premixing with air before increasing, and it can improve economic benefits without pressurization before mixing. In the aspect of automatic control, the collection, display, communication storage and control of information can be realized by using TEM. The fire prevention of gas pipeline is related to the safe operation of the equipment. The fire prevention pipeline is designed as a metal corrugated belt structure. When the flame passes through the narrow channel of the metal filter plate, the heat release and loss of the flame are inconsistent, and the fire is extinguished, so as to achieve the effect of fire prevention.

我國煤炭瓦斯資源十分豐富，主要分布在我國西北與華北地區(qū)，如能對其充分開采利用必將很大程序上解決我國現(xiàn)在所面臨的能源困境問題，同時利用瓦斯發(fā)電可以很大程度上避免環(huán)境污染，隨著瓦斯發(fā)電技術(shù)的不斷完善，及國家鼓勵政策的出臺，瓦斯發(fā)電項目在我國必將前景廣闊。

China's coal and gas resources are very rich, mainly distributed in Northwest China and North China. If it can be fully exploited and utilized, the energy dilemma faced by China will be greatly solved. At the same time, the use of gas power generation can largely avoid environmental pollution. With the continuous improvement of gas power generation technology and the introduction of national incentive policies, gas power generation projects in the China will have a bright future.

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