燃氣發(fā)電機組的工作原理應該遵守哪些原則?
燃氣發(fā)電機組包含:發(fā)動(dòng)機、發(fā)電機、控制器,還有可選用裝置穩壓過(guò)濾裝置、氣液(汽液)分離裝置等,發(fā)動(dòng)機與發(fā)電機同軸連接,并置于整機底盤(pán)上,再將消聲器和調速器連接在發(fā)動(dòng)機上,由燃氣源通入發(fā)動(dòng)機內的燃氣通道,連接在發(fā)動(dòng)機上帶拉繩的反沖起動(dòng)器以及連接在發(fā)電機輸出端的電壓調節器。其中燃氣源內置放的可燃氣體是天然氣,或液化石油氣,或沼氣。使用燃氣發(fā)電機組與汽油發(fā)電機組,柴油發(fā)電機組相比降低了對環(huán)境的污染,是一種環(huán)保節能型的發(fā)電機。而且結構簡(jiǎn)單,使用安全可靠,輸出的電壓和頻率穩定。
The gas generator set includes: engine, generator, controller, as well as optional devices, pressure stabilizing filter device, gas-liquid (vapor-liquid) separation device, etc. the engine and the generator are coaxial connected and placed on the chassis of the whole machine. Then, the muffler and governor are connected to the engine. The gas source is connected to the gas channel in the engine and connected to the recoil starting with pull rope on the engine And a voltage regulator connected to the output terminal of the generator. Among them, the combustible gas put in the gas source is natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, or biogas. Compared with gasoline generator set and diesel generator set, the use of gas generator set reduces the environmental pollution, which is an environmental protection and energy-saving generator. Moreover, the structure is simple, the use is safe and reliable, and the output voltage and frequency are stable.
燃氣發(fā)電機組中燃氣穩壓過(guò)濾裝置是燃氣輸配過(guò)程的主要和關(guān)鍵設備,主要承擔調壓和穩壓的功能,同時(shí)還要承擔過(guò)濾、計量、加臭、氣體分配等一項或多項功能。
The gas pressure stabilizing and filtering device is the main and key equipment in the gas transmission and distribution process, which mainly undertakes the functions of pressure regulation and pressure stabilization, and also one or more functions of filtration, metering, odorization, gas distribution, etc.
過(guò)濾裝置用于保護燃氣管路的閥門(mén),過(guò)濾網(wǎng)的孔徑應不大于1.5MM。 如氣閥列組配置獨立穩壓閥,其進(jìn)氣口前端應配置獨立的過(guò)濾裝置,避免堵塞穩壓閥內的氣管。
For the valve used to protect the gas pipeline, the aperture of the filter screen should not be greater than 1.5mm. If the gas valve train is equipped with independent pressure regulating valve, the front end of its air inlet shall be equipped with independent filtering device to avoid blocking the gas pipe in the pressure regulating valve.
穩壓閥出口氣壓的波動(dòng)在整個(gè)燃燒調節范圍內應不超過(guò)±5%。
The fluctuation of pressure at the outlet of pressure stabilizing valve shall not exceed ± 5% in the whole combustion regulation range.
燃氣輪機的工作過(guò)程是,壓氣機(即壓縮機)連續地從大氣中吸入空氣并將其壓縮;壓縮后的空氣進(jìn)入燃燒室,與噴入的燃料混合后燃燒,成為高溫燃氣,隨即流入燃氣渦輪中膨脹做功,推動(dòng)渦輪葉輪帶著(zhù)壓氣機葉輪一起旋轉;加熱后的高溫燃氣的做功能力顯著(zhù)提高,因而燃氣渦輪在帶動(dòng)壓氣機的同時(shí),尚有余功作為燃氣輪機的輸出機械功。燃氣輪機由靜止起動(dòng)時(shí),需用起動(dòng)機帶著(zhù)旋轉,待加速到能獨立運行后,起動(dòng)機才脫開(kāi)。
The working process of a gas turbine is that the compressor (i.e. the compressor) continuously sucks air from the atmosphere and compresses it; the compressed air enters the combustion chamber, mixes with the injected fuel, and then becomes high-temperature gas, and then flows into the gas turbine to expand and work, so as to push the turbine impeller to rotate with the compressor impeller; the work capacity of the heated high-temperature gas is significantly improved Therefore, when the gas turbine drives the compressor, it still has surplus work as the output mechanical work of the gas turbine. When the gas turbine starts from standstill, the starter is required to rotate, and the starter will not be released until it can run independently.
燃氣輪機的工作過(guò)程是更簡(jiǎn)單的,稱(chēng)為簡(jiǎn)單循環(huán);此外,還有回熱循環(huán)和復雜循環(huán)。燃氣輪機的工質(zhì)來(lái)自大氣,又排至大氣,是開(kāi)式循環(huán);此外,還有工質(zhì)被封閉循環(huán)使用的閉式循環(huán)。燃氣輪機與其他熱機相結合的稱(chēng)為復合循環(huán)裝置。
The working process of gas turbine is the simplest, called simple cycle; in addition, there are regenerative cycle and complex cycle. The working fluid of gas turbine comes from the atmosphere and finally discharges to the atmosphere, which is an open cycle; in addition, there is a closed cycle in which the working fluid is used in the closed cycle. The combination of gas turbine and other heat engines is called composite cycle device.